Pedagogical Strategies for the Teaching of Mathematics in...

PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES FOR THE TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS IN NIGERIAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT BY AJILEYE, Adewole Mukaila Department of Mathematics Osun State College of Education, Ilesa E-mail: ajileye4ever@yahoo.com Abstract For a country to be technologically developed there is need for efficient handling of mathematics at levels of education. The perennial low performance of pupils in mathematics has been attributed among other things to inadequate knowledge of subject matter content by teachers and poor instructional techniques. This paper highlighted the basic principles for effective teaching and learning of mathematics in primary school which is a fundamental stage of child education.†¦show more content†¦The teacher may acquire mastery of the contents but lack skills in the appropriate methods. This may affect the students understanding of the subjects. There are many approaches to teaching of mathematics. These include: * Problem solving * Discovery Approach * Expository * Laboratory * Questioning skills * Individualization group work * Demonstration, etc. (Johnson amp; Rising, 1972) All these methods are good but no teaching method could be regarded as superior to the other. In application, combination of these methods will be desirable. It all depends on the content, objectives and the nature of the learners. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS 1. Basic stages of teaching and learning Fakuade (1981) identifed three significant stages of learning topics in mathematics. These are: * Concrete materials and demonstration of real life situation stage * Semi-concrete or pictorial studies stage * Abstraction stage Pupils in the primary schools have the age ranges between 5 and 12. This is the age period that coincides approximately with the Piaget’s concrete operational stage. This is a transitional stage between the pre-operational period (a period when the child cannot yet perform any serious operation, a period of intuition when the child’s reasoning is not yet quite logical) and the formal operational stage (a period when the child thought processShow MoreRelatedThe Effect of Student Attitudes and Beliefs on Mathematics Education29432 Words   |  118 PagesIMPACT OF SMASSE INSET ON STUDENTS ATTITUDE AND PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KOSOFE DISTRICT BY BERNARD - SAMUEL - CLEMENT MATRIC NO: PT/10/22738 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE NIGERIA CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION (N.C.E) DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER/MATHEMATICS IN ADENIRAN OGUNSANYA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IJANIKI, OGUDU CAMPUS JUNE 2013 DEDICATION To my God the beginner and the author of my life who made it possibleRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY

The Changing Literature And Identities Of Third World...

The changing literature and identities of third world culture due to American colonization is shown throughout the collected literature in Rotten English edited by Dohra Ahmad. Through the use of vernacular English, the passages express the unique signatures of different cultures by showing the way the words are said through everyday communication rather than how they are meant to be written in proper English as well as the cultural identities faced by third world cultures. Decades of forced standard English has caused a separation of cultural identity and exsepetance. The globalization and colonization of the English language has influenced the nature of identity formation through third world countries, specifically touching on concepts of ethnicity, class and literature. English is thought to be more educated and civilized even though much of the meaning of another cultures words cannot equally be expressed through the English language. Throughout American colonization people that did not know how to speak English often got taken advantage of and were forced to obey the Englishman even with no just cause because the third world natives language was seen to be less of a language. The English language looked down on the vast different cultural languages which resulted in cultural identity issues through ethnicity and class based on a persons language. In Betel Nut is Bad Magic for Airplanes by John Kasaipwalova, the natives of Papua New Guinea speak Hiri Motu and pidginShow MoreRelatedEssay on Colonial Oppression of Women1123 Words   |  5 Pageschallenging discourses. The present day world with the constant cultural encounters and clashes as well as the ideas regarding pluralism and multiculturalism motivates a curiosity on the part of the onlooke r to search the answer to the question who is who in todays world when there is a continuous struggle between different countries not only politically and militarily but also culturally. In this situation the division of the world to First, Second and Third World countries also provides the opportunityRead MoreEssay on The Concept of Culture in Counselling1525 Words   |  7 PagesConcept of Culture in Counselling Culture may be defined in a broad and narrow context. The broad definition includes demographic variables ( age, gender), status variables ( social, educational, economic) and affiliations ( formal and informal), as well as ethnographic variables, such as ethnicity, nationality, language. Narrow definition of culture is limited to the terms of ethnicity and nationality, which are important for individual and familial identity, but the concept of culture in CounsellingRead More Ronald Takakis Iron Cages: Race and Culture in 19th-Century America1674 Words   |  7 PagesRonald Takakis Iron Cages: Race and Culture in 19th-Century America After America declared its independence from British rule, the founding fathers faced a conundrum: How to build and maintain a successful republican government that was ultimately dependent upon the passions and character of its people. Their solution was to propose the construction of what historians have called iron cages, which were ideological devices intended to deter the corruption and folly that might consume a freeRead MoreSignificance of the Harlem Renaissance817 Words   |  3 Pagesparamount as African Americans sought to express themselves artistically through art and literature, in an effort to create an identity for themselves equal to that of the white Americans. Many writers influenced this period with their works, and African Americans gained their rightful place in American Literary history (Gates Jr. and McKay). The Harlem Renaissance was the period of time between the end of World War I and the middle 1930s depression. Also called the New Negro Renaissance, it was aRead More Bhabhas Contribution to Postcolonial Theory Essay2599 Words   |  11 Pagesas Gayatri Spivak and Talapde Mohanty is Western feminisms inattention to the differences among women. Spivak exposes how the world is presented from the dominant perspective and geopolitical location of the First World to the exclusion of other disenfranchised groups. Regarding women in the Third World countries she believes that the everyday lives of many Third World women are so complex and unsystematic that they cannot be known or represented in a straightforward way by the vocabulary of WesternRead MoreThe Tourism Industry Has Created A Tarnished Reputation Of Tourists1597 Words   |  7 Pagesinterest in being in another country and experiencing another culture, but to what extent are they experiencing it in the same way? The tourism ind ustry has created these different types of categories of people who travel to other countries that have evolved over hundreds of years. Modern travel has become more affordable to people of all different backgrounds and with growing technology it has helped create this booming economy that the whole world in some way benefits off of. In todays society it is nowRead MoreThe Joys Of Motherhood Summary1253 Words   |  6 Pagestalks about the issues of women oppressing western culture during precolonial and post-colonial periods in Nigeria. Nigerian herself, Emecheta describes how women tried to fight against gender inequality, sexual difference, the need to belong and be accepted by society based on ‘class’ in 1900s. Even though, Emecheta doesn’t point out that there’s a danger of a single story in The Joys of Motherhood, when it comes to understanding world literature one needs to look past certain stereotypes about AfricaRead MoreOverseas Chinese and Chi nese People Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pagespeople from different areas with multiple cultures. As a result, lots of Americans have their ancestors in other countries. Even though they are called â€Å"Americans†, they have a special identity, that is, hyphenated Americans actually. Chinese-Americans have been one of the large groups of hyphenated Americans since a long time ago. This passage mainly observes the living conditions of Chinese-Americans in America and tries to analyze how the hyphenation identity impacts their thoughts and life. The firstRead MoreMulticultural Literature Essay1702 Words   |  7 PagesMulticultural literature is a way of increasing cultural awareness. Through multicultural books many young readers are able to make a connection with their own culture or better yet, further explore another culture. Authors use different themes such as culture, politics, and even personal barriers to show different cultures. At times though, this genre will often reveal the â€Å"ugly roots for even the greatest literature† (Multicultural). The phrase â€Å"ugly roots† emphasizes that what readersRead MoreAfrican American Vernacular English Language Essay1732 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans in the United States lived in the South whereas 75 percent of them lived in communities with less than 2,500 (Wolfram, n.d.). A dramatic redistribution or migration of African Americans took place in the period between World War 1 through to the Second World War and beyond. This redistribution was characterized by movement of African Americans from rural South for cities in the North. By 1970, even though 47 percent of Black Americans lived outside the South whereas 77 percent of them

Communication Skills Samples for Students †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Write essay on "Communication Skills". Answer: Briscoe (2012) has said in his research work that at any time of life, most of the people would require to make a presentation accounting visual aids and thus it can be easily said that the potentiality to make effective presentations is one of the core skills for most of the people. In the present day scenario, this comes with the territory. However, it can be stated that by definition, an effective presentation meets successfully its objectives and it certainly pursues that an effective presentation has an unequivocal set of objectives. Briscoe (2012) has stated that effective presentations as well are marked by the high quality visuals by the practiced as well as smooth delivery. Therefore, it can be stated that the content of the presentation and any supporting visuals and the handouts must be properly applicable to the listeners and useful in case of their requirements and needs. Harolds (2012) has mentioned in his research work that at the time of presentation, the most significant part is the audience and to get this answer, it is required to focus on some simple points. Number of people attending the presentation, background of the audience, interest of the audiences and most importantly, their familiarity with the subject of discussion at the presentation are the major four parts in this regards. However, it can be stated that answers of these questions might help the presentation giver to successfully recognize the amount and the complexity of the presentation material. Moreover, this would help to determine if an introduction would be necessary at the time of presentation in order to familiarize people with the presentation topic and at the same time, this would allow the person to shed focus on the types of effective examples to be used. Most importantly, it can be opined that proper analysis of the attendees would help the presentation giver to avoid any kind of awkwardness and blunders. Therefore, it can be stated that the entire research work has tried mainly to focus on the importance of audience at the time of presentation from the viewpoint of a presentation provider. Moreover, Weissman (2013) has stated that after identifying the nature and the characteristics of the audience, it is necessary for the presentation provider to decide what is required to accomplish with the presentation. Lee et al. (2013) have mentioned in his research work that the communication is at the core of most of the institutional research works and thus creating effective presentations is one of the significant skills for most of the professionals. In this case, the power point presentation has become the de facto presentation tool for most of the professionals. However, it can be opined that when used inaccurately, power point slides basically interfere with communication, rather than just promoting this. It can be found that the communication researchers have significantly recognized concepts that have substantial implications for how a professional can create the most effective presentations and these have been mentioned here. Initially it can be stated that the people learn more from visuals and narrative rather than from words only (Weissman 2013). This happens because brain has some separate channels for processing visuals as well as verbal materials and this result in higher level of understanding. Secondly, most significant point is that communication is generally repressed when the same words are spoken as well as displayed on the screen at the same time. Research works have revealed the fact that human mind cannot listen as well as read at the same time. Thirdly, it can be stated that people are capable enough of holding only some few pieces of data in their short-term memory at a time. Therefore, the roles and the responsibilities as being the presenters is to prepare the message clear enough, memorable for a long time and at the same time entertaining. Therefore, it can be stated that these three points are required to inspire a presenter at the time of preparing a presentation. The presenters are required to throw out slides after slides of boring bullet point and in that place; the presenter must replace these slides t hat properly use visuals in an attractive as well as momentous procedure (Lee et al. 2013). Mackinlay (2008) has demonstrated in his research work that speaking is one of the major parts of presentation and most of the professionals are required to look at this part sincerely to make the presentation effective enough. Pacing, clarity and cadence are three major elements of speaking and these must be focused on. Determining the pacing of the presentation is essential, as effective presentations might be a set of quick pace or a calm pace or sometimes a perfect combination (Lee et al. 2013). But the presenter is required to be deliberate and carefully think about the audience along with the content of the presentation and self ability. The volume and clarity of the presenters voice is highly important and based on the nature of voice, one must modify this clarity at the time of delivering the presentation to the audience. Mackinlay (2008) has said that the presenter must not just read the presentation thoroughly. Being well-prepared and speaking conversationally helps to make the sentence easier to understand to the audience and thus the professionals are required to acquire this skill properly. Besides these, it is now required to look at the preparation of making effective presentation slides. Sariki et al. (2012) have demonstrated in his research work that slides are visual aids that assist to communicate the key message of the presenter to the target audience. If it is used properly, visual slides help in increasing learning, clarify what one wants to describe and the procedure to engage the audience efficiently. Properly designed presentation allows the presenters to reach both the visual and the acoustic learners. Many researchers in this field have stated that most of the slides are consistently over-filled and the slides are packed up with texts, charts, graphs, pictures and may more. However, on the contrary to this situation, it can be mentioned that the slides are required to be simple and clearly illustrative. Most of the people love images and visuals, basically well-designed slides help the presenters to reach more people with lots of information because of the fact that the people learn differently and many audiences are the visual apprentices (Sariki et al. 2012). Penuel et al. (2007) have suggested the presenters to incorporate diagrams rather than bullet points, as diagrams help to explain the viewpoint of the presenter more clearly than anything else. The technological advancements have helped the professionals presently to embed digital media into their presentation and create a dynamic multimedia occurrence when it is suitable. Sever et al. (2013) have discussed in his research work that an effective presentation takes place as a proper consequence of the four solely related activities, which is known as the Four Ps of effective presentation. First a presenter is required to plan the presentation and based on the plan, it is required to properly prepare the presentation. Then the presenter must practice the delivery of the presentation accurately. Combination of these three successful steps leads to the achievement of final stage, i.e. presenting the presentation in front of the audience. However, Sever et al. (2013) have said that first three stages overlap and are separate from the original presentation. In case of planning the presentation, the presenter must focus on objectives, audience, content along with the organization, visuals and delivery. The content part is highly essential, as there exist two parts in this case. The initial one is the relevance as well as usefulness of the content to the targe t audience and the second part is the relevance and the usefulness of the content to the set objectives. Settings part takes into account seating arrangements of the audience, lighting system and size of the room as well as the expected and estimated number of people in attendance (Sever et al. 2013). Swathi (2015) has clearly mentioned in his research work that presenting proper information clearly as well as efficiently is one of the key principles and skills to get the message and opinion delivered to the audience and in the present day, the presentation skills of individuals in schools, colleges, universities, organizations have become required besides the professionals (Swathi 2015). It can be stated that the presentation skills and the speaking skills as well are highly useful in several aspects of work and business life like trading, business teaching and lecturing that tends to develop confidence and some other social situations. Therefore, it can be concluded in a nutshell that the entire research work has tried to shed emphasis on several aspects that tends to make a presentation effective. Research works of the eminent researchers have been analyzed to gain in-depth knowledge of the research topic. Besides acquiring several skills and knowledge, most people are required to acquire this knowledge efficiently, as delivering effective presentations have become one of the major requirements in the working fields. References Briscoe, M.H., 2012.Preparing scientific illustrations: a guide to better posters, presentations, and publications. Springer Science Business Media. Harolds, J.A., 2012. Tips for giving a memorable presentation, part VI: the effective use of questions by a speaker, and answering questions from listeners.Clinical nuclear medicine,37(12), pp.1173-1175. Lee, G., Williams, S.E., Jamil-Copley, S., Qureshi, N.A., Ryan, M.J., Anwar, A.S., Fraser, S., Phan, T.T., Campbell, N.G., Pettit, S.J. and Lambiase, P.D., 2013. ABSTRACTS FOR ORAL PRESENTATION, SESSION 3, HRC 2013Mapping and Ablation31Panoramic characterization of left atrial wavefront activation during human persistent af using a 3D non-contact mapping system32High accuracy unipolar local activation time assignment to facilitate dense multipolar electrode mapping33Ripple mapping improves the visualisation of atrial tachycardia activation sequences34Non-invasive electrocardiographic mapping to guide ablation of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias: pre ....Europace,15(suppl 4), pp.iv14-iv18. MACKINLAY, J. 2008.Automating the Design of Graphical Presentations of Relational Information. Penuel, W., Fishman, B., Yamaguchi, R. and Gallagher, L. 2007.What Makes Professional Development Effective? Strategies That Foster Curriculum Implementation. Sariki, T.P., Kumar, B. and Ragala, R., 2012. Effective Classroom Presentation Generation Using Text Summarization. Sever, S., Oguz-Unver, A. and Yurumezoglu, K., 2013. The effective presentation of inquiry-based classroom experiments using teaching strategies that employ video and demonstration methods.Australasian Journal of Educational Technology,29(3), pp.450-463. Swathi, T.V.S.S., 2015. The Importance of Effective Presentation for Organizational Success.IUP Journal of Soft Skills,9(2), p.7. Weissman, J., 2013.Successful Presentation Strategies (Collection). FT Press.

Experiencing a New Country France free essay sample

In this short essay, I chose a country I traveled to that opened my eyes to different cultures. France is a country full of diversity and a place I would feel honored to return to, in hopes of learning more from the culture they have to offer. Traveling to France I expected to be entranced by the grand architecture and art that had contributed to history, I was mistaken. I found the heart and soul of the nation in the people. I realized, after much travel, that it is the people and their culture continually that amaze me. After exploring France, I discovered the invigoration of hearing a dissimilar language and learning how to adapt to the new environment. While some travelers carried the pride of their nation, I found it invigorating to assimilate into my new surroundings. In order to accomplish this, I decided to learn French in hopes that continual study of common practices would allow me to live the life of a Frenchmen. We will write a custom essay sample on Experiencing a New Country: France or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Upon arrival I found it easy to adopt the concept of public transportation, and each metro ride became more satisfying as I met varying people of varying nations. I then adjusted my eating schedules and found a taste for French cuisine. With this, I commenced greeting my fellow Frenchmen with, â€Å"Bonjour monsieur! † I was determined to not leave as a stereotypical tourist. I made it my goal to experience the nooks and crannies far from tourist France that is so often portrayed. That is when I found myself sitting in a local brasserie sipping â€Å"une lemonade† and thinking this is one adventure of a lifetime. Now being back in Texas, I hope to embark in my next adventure, to be apart of Colgate Univesity, an institution rich with culture and diversity that produces diplomats of the world.

Legal Ethical Issues in Nursing free essay sample

Legal Ethical Issues in Nursing Michelle R. Stelly Term I: Writing Project 2010 Mrs. VanIwaarden 10/11/2010 Nurses are subject to a plethora of legal, ethical, and professional duties which can be very challenging. These duties are generally considered to be to respect a patients confidentiality and autonomy and to recognize the duty of care that is owed to all patients. As nurses our duties are always professional, however there are legal implications if these duties are breached. We also must consider when it is okay as nurses to breach these duties and therefore ethical issues arise. Ethics is a set of moral and practical guidelines that influences nursing decisions big and small. As nurses one of our main priorities is to advocate for our clients. An advocate is â€Å"one who expresses and defends the cause of another. † (Ramont 42) In the nursing profession we advocate to protect our client’s rights. A client’s rights can vary from being responsible for their own care and making choices and decisions in that care, having the right to a nurse-client relationship based on trust and respect, to the nurse being responsible in making sure that the client has all healthcare services at their finger tips to get their needs met. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Ethical Issues in Nursing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nurses must be fully aware of the moral and legal rights of clients to self-determination, and must ensure that clients understand their treatment options and the nature and consequences of any treatments they are undergoing. A nurse must be an effective client advocate by expressing assertiveness and recognizing and understanding the rights and values of the client. Nurses face legal and ethical challenges on a daily basis, many of which are directly related to legislative changes regarding confidentiality issues.Issues of confidentiality have been apart of ethical nursing for decades, but significant legal changes have defined a greater need to maintain confidentiality. The introduction of HIPAA in 1996 led to the need for increased practices to protect the spread of confidential client information. This in turn gives the client the right to have privileged communication which is â€Å"information given to a professional person who is forbidden by law from disclosing the information in a court without the consent of the person who provide it. † (Ramont 33) Confidentiality is a major legal issue in nursing in which we as nurses must adhere to.Nursing ethical issues today include questions about end-of-life care or the place of spirituality in nursing. Ethical issues on a day-to-day basis often involve client communication and advocacy. Nurses are often the ones working closest with a client while administering ongoing care. Clients may express desires, questions, and fears with their nurse, and those sentiments need to be shared with the rest of the health care team. From working with unbiased compassion to standing up for clients rights, a nurse holds a wide range of responsibilities in addition to the actual physical work of caring for clients.

How to Use a Sample Introduction Paragraph Essay

How to Use a Sample Introduction Paragraph EssayA sample introduction paragraph essay can be used in place of a sample essay or just to start a discussion. It is particularly useful for those who want to practice their writing skills, but find that they are not quite sure what the best way to write is.In a sample introduction paragraph essay, the writer should use the same format as they would use in writing an essay. If a student is working on a writing project, they may want to read a few sample essays from different types of writing, such as fiction and non-fiction, and try to get a sense of how they might feel when writing the same kind of essay. Once they are familiar with what kind of style they are going to use, they can then select a type of sample introduction paragraph to use.It is sometimes useful to read through a sample paragraph essay, because it can help a student see which paragraphs will help them move the best. Students often find that they will feel at ease if they find that they use a particular paragraph very often. A student who is just starting out can do this, and can then learn to write them in a different way.There are many types of samples that are available on the Internet, and in many books that can be used as examples of the type of sample introduction paragraph that is needed. Many include an outline of the subject of the essay, and it is the student's job to read through the list and choose the one that they think is most appropriate. When it comes to choosing the type of paragraph, a lot of writers prefer to use an all-caps format, but they also can select other paragraphs. If they want to be able to use the sentence they choose, it can be important for them to print out a copy and then have someone else read it aloud.The goal is to get as close to perfect as possible when writing the introduction to a particular paragraph. Thestudent will want to make sure that the sample essay they are using has been formatted correctly, and t hat they understand everything that is included in the paragraph.Writing a sample essay should help a student to become more confident in their ability to write a sentence. If they find that they do not know what to write in a particular situation, they can simply look at the examples in order to see what would be the best way to go about it. The more writing experience a student has, the easier it will be for them to write a paragraph, so it is always beneficial to look at a sample essay in order to learn more about writing.It is important to remember that a sample introduction paragraph can be used in place of a sample essay, or even used on its own. A student may find that they have written an essay that is difficult to understand, and that they need a place to begin to read a part of the essay over again. This can be done by using a sample essay. It can be helpful to read through the sample first, and then take notes of the differences between it and the essay that the student i s currently working on.A sample introduction paragraph essay can be used to help students learn how to write a good introduction, but there are other methods that can be used. One of the most commonly used methods is simply to keep a writer's notebook of things that they write, such as the first draft of the essay, an example essay, or any other examples that a student finds. When looking at a sample, a student can take notes and then check out other examples in order to find something that works well.

Competitive Advantage and Globalization

Competitive Advantage and Globalization When a company is oriented to globalization strategies, it focuses on overcoming the national barriers in market and industry with references to coping with financial and cultural issues. Today, it is possible to speak about the company’s competitive advantage when the company can operate successfully globally and according to the trends associated with the globalization processes.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Competitive Advantage and Globalization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Fortune 500 firms develop their globalization strategies basing on the local success which once was achieved with the help of the effective use of the firm’s resources. That is why, it is possible to state that the resource-based competitive advantage is the necessary factor for promoting the Fortune 500 firms’ globalization strategies. Competitive advantage is the ability of the company to implement unique and eff ective strategies which provide the significant advantage over competitors within the industry (Barney, 1991; Barney, 2001). Basing on the modern globalization trends, it is necessary to note that competitive advantage should be supported with references to following the principles of sustainability. Moreover, the company’s capacities are assessed referring to the customers’ interests in the brand. As a result, the Fortune 500 firms create their competitive advantage with the help of the internal resources used. Barney distinguishes between the physical capital resources, human capital resources, and organizational capital resources (Barney, 1991). To succeed within the market, such companies as Google, Toyota Motor, Microsoft, and Wal-Mart focus on using the valuable and rare human capital and organizational capital resources as the main forces. Less attention is paid to physical capital resources because they are more imitable. The success of the company is in develo ping the unique strategy or approach in order to win the advantage (Barney, 1991). That is why, the Fortune 500 firms work out globalization strategies basing on the resources which are difficult to imitate or substitute. The strong and effective organizations as well as quality employees are perceived as the internal strengths of the Fortune 500 firms. Operational Barriers to Success To operate successfully within the highly competitive environment, companies should concentrate on improving their strategies in order to propose new opportunities, services, and products for their customers. As a result, successful companies should orient to the further movement and be progressive in comparison with their competitors (Gopalakrishnan, Kessler, Scillitoe, 2010).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Being at the path to their success, the company can become challenged by a lot of difficulties or barriers associated with the problems in the company’s advertising, production, communication with customers, organization, or culture. Moreover, the progress of the company is often based on using innovation in technologies and organization. Focusing on the barriers to adopt innovative practices and processes, it is possible to determine three preventive factors. Barriers to innovation can be discussed as factors which prevent the company to adopt and implement innovative practices which can significantly improve the production process or organization’s structure and strategies. From this perspective, the discussed barriers prevent the company from the further progress within the market where competitors can use innovation actively. Nevertheless, it is possible to examine barriers from the positive point because the implementation of innovation is often associated with significant risks, and the focus on barriers help the company develop the mo st adequate and appropriate variant of implementing the definite innovation in the process. Three barriers are the lack of budget, the improper planning and forecasting, and the individual factor. Thus, in spite of the fact that the company is oriented toward developing and creating the advantageous value, the implementation of innovation cannot be realized because of the lack of the necessary budget. The problem can depend on the inability of the senior management to distribute the financial resources appropriately in order to focus on the long-term goals and gaining more profits because of implementing innovation successfully (Russell Taylor, 2010). The change of priorities in distribution of the resources can contribute to overcoming the discussed barrier. The next barrier is the improper planning of the innovation implementation into the company’s processes. To guarantee the effective implementation of innovation, it is necessary to develop the detailed plan. Strategic m anagers can fail while developing the appropriate plan because they focus on the immediate positive results and benefits (Russell Taylor, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Competitive Advantage and Globalization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, the implementation of innovation is associated with significant shifts and changes within the company. The fear of changes and impossibility to forecast the outcomes prevent companies from implementing innovations successfully. That is why, managers can overcome the barrier focusing on planning as the extremely significant stage in the implementation process. Furthermore, it is important to pay attention to the individual factor as the significant barrier to adopt the innovative practices. Employees as well as managers can reject changes without references to their necessity and advantages because of needs to change approaches, to train to use new technolo gies or schemes of work, or to work following new requirements and standards (Gopalakrishnan, Kessler, Scillitoe, 2010). To overcome the barrier, it is necessary to concentrate on the additional training for employees and on providing the information about clear benefits of implementing innovations which can change the traditional working processes. References Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. Barney, J. B. (2001). Resource-based theories of competitive advantage: A ten-year retrospective on the resource-based view. Journal of Management, 27(6), 643–650. Gopalakrishnan, S., Kessler, E. H., Scillitoe, J. L. (2010). Navigating the innovation landscape: Past research, present practice, and future trends. Organization Management Journal, 7(4), 262–277. Russell, R., Taylor, B. (2010). Operations management: Creating value along the supply chain. USA: Wiley.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More